Tafsir Al-Mizan Volume 18

Volume eighteen begins the commentary on Sūrah al-Tawbah (Chapter 9), covering verses 1–129. This volume addresses key theological, historical, and social themes, with a focus on the nature of divine commands, treaties, repentance, and the consequences of hypocrisy. The volume opens with an analysis of the proclamation of repudiation (barāʾah) against the idolaters who violated their treaties (verses 1–16). ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī examines the ethical principles underlying this proclamation, highlighting that treaties were only revoked in response to repeated treachery by the disbelievers. This section highlights the Qurʾānic emphasis on justice and the importance of fulfilling obligations. A central theme in this volume is the nature and conditions of divine mercy and forgiveness (verses 17–28). ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī elaborates on the requirements for repentance and its transformative power in repairing the relationship between humanity and God. He reflects on the sanctity of sacred sites and the responsibility of believers to uphold them. The commentary provides an extensive discourse on the Battle of Tabūk (verses 29–75). ʿAllāmah analyzes the circumstances leading to this campaign, the trials faced by the Prophet and his companions, and the behavior of the hypocrites who attempted to undermine the Muslim community. The discussion includes reflections on the spiritual and social dimensions of jihād, illustrating its role as a collective effort to uphold truth and justice. ʿAllāmah also discusses the Prophet’s migration (hijrah) from Mecca to Medina, referencing verse 9:100. He reflects on the migration’s significance as a pivotal moment in Islamic history, representing the establishment of a just and unified Muslim community. The verse emphasizes the virtues among the Muhājirūn (Emigrants) and the Anṣār (Helpers), highlighting their sacrifices and unwavering faith as examples for all believers.