Volume nine continues the commentary on Sūrah al-Nisāʾ (Chapter 4) from verses 77 to 176 and begins with the first three verses of Sūrah al-Māʾidah (Chapter 5). This volume covers intricate theological and legal discussions while addressing ethical and social themes in Islamic thought. The volume opens with an exploration of divine justice and human agency in the attribution of good and evil (verses 77–80). ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī discusses the Qurʾānic stance that good comes from God as the Creator of all goodness, while evil is a result of human actions and their deviation from divine guidance. This philosophical discourse emphasizes the relationship between divine mercy, human responsibility, and the inherent good in God’s creation. The exegesis then addresses specific legal rulings, such as the laws of retribution and compensation, and the framework of societal justice (verses 92–100). The commentary discusses the ethical considerations surrounding the treatment of the weak and oppressed, particularly emphasizing migration and the moral obligations of believers towards those seeking refuge. A significant portion is dedicated to the concept of ‘iṣmah (sinlessness) in the Qurʾān (verses 105–126). ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī elaborates on how ‘iṣmah is rooted in divine knowledge and serves as a safeguard against sin and error.